The human papilloma virus (HPV) – the overall name of a group of viruses that cause various diseases. It is known more than 100 types. Pathogen prevalent in all over the world. To avoid contamination, it is important to know how the virus is transmitted human papilloma.
What is the HPV infection?
HPV infection – a group of viral diseases causing the virus of the papilloma. For the moment, has been studied and described more than 100 types of the virus. Scientists for a long time engaged in the study of the morphology pathogen, which allowed to determine what types of viruses what pathology cause. Individually allocated group of HPV high-risk Volume.
Due to the fact that HPV primarily affects the sexual system, a significant attention in the study of the problem give gynecologists. Speaking of the what is HPV in gynecology, it should be noted a high risk of developing cervical cancer. Experts have found that the virus immediately, or rather, 16-th and 18-th types cause the cancer development process in the female reproductive system.
HPV – modes of transmission and infection
The virus of papilloma virus is known for its resistance to exposure to environmental factors, therefore, for a long period of time can maintain the activity in the external environment. This explains the ability of a pathogen to widespread dissemination. However, the direct transmission of the HPV virus by airborne droplets is not the case. Speaking of the spread of the virus, papilloma virus from person to person, the doctors indicate that the mandatory, having direct contact with the skin and mucous membrane of the body of the virus.
Modes of transmission of HPV is diverse:
- carpet?
- contact-domestic
- vertical.
The most common mode of transmission of HPV
The first time he heard about this type of pathogen, the patients are often interested in the doctor: is transmitted if the virus of the human papilloma virus transmitted diseases. Doctors point out that this method is the most common. According to statistics, about 70% of the people, leading active sexual life, are carriers of the virus of papilloma. When this infection can happen many times throughout your life.
Most women and men infected with HPV after a few months of the start of active sexual life. It is worth noting that it is often HPV is associated with infections, sexually transmitted diseases, however, infection can and with the sex without penetration. Contact with the genital body of the virus can lead to infection.
The doctors mentioned and the following course of HPV infection:
- with a kiss?
- when oral sex.
HPV – modes of infection in everyday life
Some infectious disease secrete household mode of transmission of HPV. The rate of spread of the virus in this way is small, however can not completely rule out this possibility. The virus at some time can maintain the activity, hitting the pool, the sauna, therefore, the infection perhaps in public areas.
The infection in the daily life happens with the kiss, the use of facilities for personal hygiene HPV. In such cases, increase the risk of infection:
- the weakening of the immune system?
- violation of the rules of personal hygiene.
The risk of infection by the virus HPV
The chance of contracting HPV increases dramatically with the onset of sexual life. This route of transmission is considered as a key. The experts that secrete a number of factors, the existence of which is many times increases the risk of infection:
- early onset of sexual life?
- the frequent change of sexual partners;
- neglect contraception.
Separately, I have to say about the possibility of infection in childhood. In most cases, HPV is transmitted to the child from the mother during childbirth. During the promotion of the general paths happens infection baby. Children are easier to tolerate the infection, have almost not manifested. In addition, thanks to the entrance along with the mother's milk of ready-made antibodies is observed early in therapy.
As infection with HPV;
Infection with HPV is caused by direct contact of mucous membranes, of the skin of the genital organs. During the sexual act often appear microcracks and damage of the mucous membranes, that only increases the risk of contracting HPV. When you do this, there are some differences in mechanisms of transmission of the virus in women and men.
How the virus is transmitted human papilloma in men?
The chance of contracting HPV in men is directly dependent on the number of regular sexual partners. Frequent random sexual intercourse many times increase the likelihood of infection. At the same time, the man himself in most cases, you don't have a clue for the presence of HPV in the body. The result is the further spread of the virus. In 90% of cases of sexual relations happening infection of the partner, who was perfectly healthy.
As it is transmitted woman of the human papilloma virus;
The course of HPV infection in women do not differ from those that are typical for men. In the first place is the carpet. However, the risk of infection in women are increasing and some of the factors.
Among these gynecologists secrete:
- early onset of sexual life?
- the frequent change of sexual partners;
- the conduct of abortions?
- traumatic birth in history?
- gynaecological diseases;
- the stress?
- the long-term use of oral contraceptives.
Or is transmitted to the child of the human papilloma virus;
Knowing of the presence of HPV in the body, women who plan a pregnancy in the near future, wonder if it will be sent to the human papilloma virus from the mother to the baby. Experts say that the risk of infection of the child is there. However, children rarely is there a HPV, modes of infection differ from those in adults. The transmission of infection often occurs at the stage of promotion of the fetus in the birth canal: a virus of the mucous membrane of the mother goes to the child.
It is worth noting that the risk of such an attack is small. In most cases, the body of the child it is possible to get rid of HPV within their first 2-3 months of life. This happens thanks to a scholarship from the infant body antibodies along with mother's milk. The main risk of HPV to children is the defeat of the respiratory system – appearance of polyps. Such cases are rare and considered rather as an exception.
HPV – how it manifests itself after contamination?
Learning about the spread of the human papilloma virus, many patients are interested in time the onset of the first symptoms. The doctors can't definitely say, how fast it occurs following HPV infection.
Of crucial importance are the following factors:
- the age of the patient;
- the presence of chronic inflammatory processes in the body?
- the condition of the immune system.
In practice, the timing of clinical manifestation of HPV is different. The appearance of warts, changes in the affected cells can be observed, and a few weeks later, and after months of. In some cases, the first lesions on the skin in the region of the groin and genital are detected after a time, after you get hit with a virus of papilloma in the body. To determine the exact time of hit of HPV in the body, you can on the basis of carried out laboratory studies.
Signs of infection with the virus HPV
The symptoms of infection with HPV appear lesions on the genitals. In most cases, the virus leads to a characteristic deficit loses. The patients record the appearance vulgar papillomas and genital warts. External data προεκβολών look like cauliflower, so as to not confuse with other respiratory events difficult.
Women papillary growth soft pink color localized:
- in the region of the small lips?
- in the groin?
- for the clitoris?
- near the external opening of the urethra;
- in anticipation of the gulf.
In some cases, the genital warts are formed in the region of the anus, if a woman engage in anal sex. Strong overgrowth of such formations leads to bleeding, pain during sexual intercourse. In men, similar education localized in the region of the mons pubis, the perineum, at least – on the surface of the penis.
HPV vaccines after infection
Even, who knows, how the virus is transmitted human papilloma virus, it is not always possible to avoid infection. After he traveled for the treatment, to avoid re-infection with HPV, prevent the development of relapse, doctors spend vaccination against a virus of papilloma. Vaccines prevent the development of infection by the virus for 15 years and more.